• CRESPAR Report #71: Toward a Policy Framework for Analyzing Educational System Effects 

  Lasky, Susan G. (2004-11)

  School reform efforts over the last two decades have become increasingly more complex and systemic. Yet, studies that have as their primary purpose identifying and understanding the function of linkages in school reform ...

• CRESPAR Report #70: Locating the Dropout Crisis: Which High Schools Produce the Nation's Dropouts? Where are They Located? Who Attends Them? 

  Balfanz, Robert; Legters, Nettie (2004-09)

  Fifty years after Brown vs. the Board of Education, the image of public high schools providing all youth with equal opportunity to receive a high-quality education remains inspiring and compelling. Current reality, however, ...

• CRESPAR Report #69: Catching Up: Impact of the Talent Development Ninth Grade Instructional Interventions in Reading and Mathematics in High-Poverty High Schools 

  Balfanz, Robert; Legters, Nettie E.; Jordan, Will (2004-04)

  Every child has the capacity to succeed in school and in life. Yet far too many children fail to meet their potential. Many students, especially those from poor and minority families, are placed at risk by school practices ...

• CRESPAR Report #68: Building on Children's Cultural Assets in Simulated Classroom Performance Environments: Research Vistas in the Communal Learning Paradigm 

  Boykin, A. Wade; Coleman, Sean T.; Lilja, Amy J.; Tyler, Kenneth M. (2004-02)

  The achievement gap between low-income African American students and their White counterparts remains substantial. To address this, researchers have begun to examine the impact of culture on cognitive performance among ...

• CRESPAR Report #67: Software Enabling School Improvement Through Analysis of Student Data 

  Wayman, Jeffrey C.; Stringfield, Sam; Yakimowski, Mary (2004-01)

  The No Child Left Behind legislation has drawn increased attention to student data. Data are most useful in educational decision-making when the purpose extends beyond vertical accountability and toward school- and ...

• CRESPAR Report #66: Effective Reading Programs for English Language Learners: A Best-Evidence Synthesis 

  Slavin, Robert E.; Cheung, Alan (2003-12)

  This report reviews experimental studies of reading programs for English language learners, focusing both on comparisons of bilingual and English-only programs and on specific, replicable models that have been evaluated ...

• CRESPAR Report #65: Bringing the District Back In: The Role of the Central Office in Improving Instruction and Student Achievement 

  Mac Iver, Martha Abele; Farley, Elizabeth (2003-08)

  Criticizing school district bureaucracies has become a growth industry over the past couple of decades. In the face of all this anti-district and anti–central office rhetoric, it is important to recognize the growing number ...

• CRESPAR Report #64: From National Movement to Local Action: The Status of Standards-Based Science Instruction in Middle School Classrooms 

  Swanson, Christopher B.; Plank, Stephen B.; Hewes, Gina M. (2003-08)

  This study contributes to the growing body of research on classroom instruction by exploring the possibility of measuring a specific instructional strategy using statistical methods based on item response theory (IRT). We ...

• CRESPAR Report #63: Trends in Two-Way Immersion Education: A Review of the Research 

  Howard, Elizabeth R.; Sugarman, Julie; Christian, Donna (2003-08)

  Two-way immersion (TWI) is an instructional approach that integrates native English speakers and native speakers of another language (usually Spanish) and provides instruction to both groups of students in both languages. ...

• CRESPAR Report #62: The Baltimore Curriculum Project: Final Report of the Four-Year Evaluation Study 

  Mac Iver, Martha Abele; Kemper, Elizabeth; Stringfield, Sam (2003-02)

  This study reports the results of a four-year multimethod evaluation of the implementation of the Baltimore Curriculum Project (BCP) in six Baltimore City schools. BCP used a combination of the Direct Instruction (DI) ...

• CRESPAR Report #61: Supporting the Development of English Literacy in English Language Learners: Key Issues and Promising Practices 

  August, Diane (2003-02)

  The purpose of this report is to summarize research on the role of English oral proficiency in acquiring English literacy, describe the issues that English-language learners (ELLs) encounter because of their developing ...

• CRESPAR Report #60: Cultural Issues Related to High School Reform: Deciphering the Case of Black Males 

  Jordan, Will J.; Cooper, Robert (2002-12)

  An infusion of federal funding and philanthropic support for high schools has sparked an unprecedented number of educational reforms. Still, few initiatives confront the unique conditions facing Black males. Despite efforts ...

• CRESPAR Report #59: Comprehensive School Reform and Student Achievement: A Meta-Analysis 

  Borman, Geoffrey D.; Hewes, Gina M.; Overman, Laura T.; Brown, Shelly (2002-11)

  In this meta-analysis, we review the research on the achievement effects of the nationally disseminated and externally developed school improvement programs known as “whole-school” or “comprehensive” reforms. In addition ...

• CRESPAR Report #58: Transitional Programs for English Language Learners: Contextual Factors and Effective Programming 

  August, Diane (2002-05)

  In this report, transitional programs refer to instructional programs for students who have been schooled in their native language and are now in “transitional” classrooms where literacy instruction takes place in English. ...

• CRESPAR Report #57: Program Development in the National Network of Partnership Schools: A Comparison of Elementary, Middle, and High Schools 

  Sanders, Mavis G.; Simon, Beth S. (2002-04)

  Based on survey data collected from 375 elementary, middle, and high schools in the National Network of Partnership Schools (NNPS), this report identifies differences and similarities in the development and quality of ...

• CRESPAR Report #56: Local School Boards Under Review: Their Role and Effectiveness in Relation to Students' Academic Achievement 

  Land, Deborah (2002-01)

  This report provides a review of literature published in the past two decades on the role and effectiveness of school boards. Though school boards are but one component of school district leadership—the superintendent and ...

• CRESPAR Report #55: The Public School Superintendency in the Twenty-First Century: The Quest to Define Effective Leadership 

  Thomas, Janet Y. (2001-10)

  This study examines research on public school leadership effectiveness, focusing specifically on the superintendent. The author begins with a discussion of the historical mission to define leadership effectiveness, followed ...

• CRESPAR Report #54: Neighborhood and School Influences on the Family Life and Mathematics Performance of Eighth-Grade Students 

  Catsambis, Sophia; Beveridge, Andrew A. (2001-10)

  In this report, we explore ways by which neighborhoods and schools can influence the mathematics achievement of eighth grade students. We use data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study (NELS:88) and combine it ...

• CRESPAR Report #53: The Long-Term Effects and Cost-Effectiveness of Success for All 

  Borman, Geoffrey D.; Hewes, Gina M. (2001-10)

  A few renowned early interventions have compelling evidence of enduring achievement effects for at-risk children: Perry Preschool; the Abecedarian Project; and the Tennessee class-size experiment.

• CRESPAR Report #52: Academic Success Among Poor and Minority Students: An Analysis of Competing Models of School Effects 

  Borman, Geoffrey D.; Rachuba, Laura T. (2001-02)

  Based on national data from the Prospects study, we identified the individual characteristics that distinguished academically successful, or resilient, elementary school students from minority and low-socioeconomic-status ...

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