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Hepatitis E Virus in the Terai of Nepal: Community-Based Cohort Study of Pregnant Women in Sarlahi District and Investigation of the 2014 Outbreak in Biratnagar, Morang District
(Johns Hopkins University, 2016-07-28)
In South Asia, hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality and poses a special threat to pregnant women. However, the burden of both infection and illness in the Terai of Nepal have received ...
THE IMPACT OF STATE HEALTH INSURANCE PARITY LAWS ON INITIATION OF SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER TREATMENT
(Johns Hopkins University, 2017-04-21)
Statement of Problem: The implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010 is expected to change the Substance Use Disorder (SUD) treatment system drastically through its expansion of federal ...
Mathematical modeling to guide programmatic decisions about the use of new tuberculosis drugs, regimens, and diagnostics
(Johns Hopkins University, 2018-06-14)
Statement of the Problem: Approximately ten million people develop tuberculosis (TB) each year, and this global incidence is declining at a rate of only 2% annually. New diagnostic assays and treatment regimens could improve ...
The Epidemiology of Severe Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes
(Johns Hopkins University, 2017-08-29)
The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the epidemiology of severe hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes by examining risk factors and health outcomes associated with severe hypoglycemia. Severe hypoglycemia is more common ...
Cancer outcomes among people with HIV in North America in the era of antiretroviral therapy
(Johns Hopkins University, 2018-05-17)
Background: Poorer cancer outcomes have been observed for people with HIV (PWH) including more advanced stage at diagnosis, lower uptake of cancer treatment, and higher mortality. However, these results have not been ...
The Outbreak Potential for Measles and its Implications for Elimination
(Johns Hopkins University, 2017-12-15)
When the goal of measles elimination, or the absence of continuous transmission in a defined geographical area, was first proposed in 1962 by Alexander Langmuir, immediately prior to licensure of the first measles vaccine, ...
Mandatory School Immunization Laws in the United States: Historical origins, policy implementation, and assessing the impact of strengthening exemption requirements
(Johns Hopkins University, 2018-02-05)
Problem Statement: High immunization coverage among school-age children has been achieved in the United States through the collaborative efforts of federal agencies, state administrations, health care providers, and medical ...
Characterization of Pertussis Risk and Antibody Transfer in Infants in Sarlahi District, Nepal: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study
(Johns Hopkins University, 2014-12-02)
Background: Pertussis is estimated to cause 2% of childhood deaths globally and is a growing public health problem. Infants are at greatest risk of morbidity and mortality. Maternal vaccination during pregnancy may be ...
Improving Disease Surveillance Programs in Liberia
(Johns Hopkins University, 2019-07-15)
ABSTRACT
Background: The 2014-2016 Ebola Virus Disease outbreak in West Africa highlighted the danger of emerging infectious diseases in areas with weak health systems. In Liberia, the outbreak resulted in over ten thousand ...
In-country Migration among Tuberculosis Patients in Limpopo Province, South Africa
(Johns Hopkins University, 2019-04-24)
Geographic human mobility has been a contributor to the spread of infectious disease.1 South Africa, a country designated by the World Health Organization as having a high burden of tuberculosis, in particular has a long ...