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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PENETRATION OF COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF) RISK SCORE, THE BURDEN OF CSF VIRAL ESCAPE, AND DEPRESSION IN PERSONS WITH HIV
(Johns Hopkins University, 2013-11-07)
BACKGROUND: Detectable cerebrospinal (CSF) HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) is associated with central nervous system (CNS) complications including neurocognitive impairment and depression. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the ...
Biomarkers of Inflammation and Immune Activation and HIV-1 Disease Progression in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
(Johns Hopkins University, 2014-11-14)
Background: Progression of HIV-1 disease is characterized by chronic inflammation and immune activation, the precise mechanisms of which remain unclear. While the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy has ...
Residual Viremia, Cure Strategies, and Tissue Reservoirs in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection
(Johns Hopkins University, 2015-08-03)
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus that primarily infects immune cells bearing CD4 and either CCR5 or CXCR4. It is transmitted horizontally through contact with infected bodily fluids via intravenous ...
Caregiver Mental Health and Child Physical Health in HIV-Affected Families in Uganda
(Johns Hopkins University, 2015-09-14)
Background. Increasing evidence from low- and middle-income countries indicates that maternal depression is associated with poor child health and growth. Few studies have explored this relationship in the context of HIV. ...
Evaluating the Impact of Strategies for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control in High-Burden, Low-Resource Settings: Data for Evidence-Based Decision-Making in Local Contexts
(Johns Hopkins University, 2015-10-29)
Background: While incidence rates of tuberculosis (TB) are on the decline globally, the TB burden in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia remains high. If the goal of reducing the global TB incidence rate to < 10/100,000 ...
COMPARING OUTCOMES OF DRIED BLOOD SPOT AND PLASMA VIRAL LOAD MONITORING FOR HIV TREATMENT IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS USING A MARKOV STATE-TRANSITION MODEL
(Johns Hopkins University, 2016-08-17)
Background and Objective: People living with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral therapy need to be monitored to evaluate treatment failure. Gold standard plasma viral load is logistically difficult in many resource-limited ...
REGULATION OF INNATE VIRAL SENSING AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
(Johns Hopkins University, 2016-09-01)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are chronic viral infections that affect hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide. Despite significant advancements in treatment, increasing evidence ...
Attacking the HIV Epidemic From All Sides: Optimization of PCR Strategies to Measure Clonal Expansion and Quantitative Evaluation of Dolutegravir
(Johns Hopkins University, 2016-06-16)
Although great progress has been achieved in the fight against HIV and AIDS, an epidemic continues to rage worldwide. Alongside public health and clinical efforts, scientific research plays a major role in this fight; ...
Intersectional disparities in HIV testing among male youth in the U.S.
(Johns Hopkins University, 2016-10-27)
Background: HIV testing remains a significant public health problem, particularly for adolescents who are the fastest growing age group of those infected with HIV. Data on HIV testing among adolescents is more limited and ...
EFFECTS OF INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE AND MENTAL HEALTH ON HIV DISEASE PROGRESSION IN WOMEN
(Johns Hopkins University, 2016-08-08)
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) has the ability to negatively impact the lives of women living with HIV through decreased adherence, increased mental health symptoms and substance use and through physiologic ...