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TRENDS, PREDICTORS AND OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH UNSTRUCTURED TREATMENT INTERRUPTIONS AMONG HIV-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN CANADA
(Johns Hopkins University, 2013-10-23)
Background
The expanded use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has dramatically enhanced the quality of care and life expectancy of HIV-positive individuals. However, incomplete adherence and treatment interruptions ...
CIGARETTE SMOKING BEHAVIORS AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV: ASSOCIATIONS WITH INDIVIDUAL- AND SOCIAL-LEVEL CHARACTERISTICS
(Johns Hopkins University, 2013-09-20)
INTRODUCTION: Smoking is endemic among people with HIV and associated with morbidity and mortality. Little research has been conducted among smokers with HIV. Research has focused on examining individual-level characteristics ...
Plasma hepcidin concentrations and factors associated with hemoglobin levels in infants and young children in Zimbabwe
(Johns Hopkins University, 2014-03-07)
Iron metabolism is very dynamic over the first year of life. Anemia is common in sub-Saharan African infants, particularly in the context of HIV infection. Hepcidin, a peptide hormone whose synthesis is simultaneously ...
REPLICATION-COMPETENT NON-INDUCED PROVIRUSES IN THE LATENT RESERVOIR INCREASE BARRIER TO HIV-1 CURE
(Johns Hopkins University, 2013-09-05)
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) fails to cure HIV-1 infection because latent proviruses persist in resting CD4+ T cells. T cell activation reverses latency, but >99% of proviruses are not induced to release infectious virus ...
The Molecular Mechanism of HIV Entry
(Johns Hopkins University, 2014-03-26)
One of today’s greatest health challenges is stopping the spread of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV’s only surface protein is the envelope glycoprotein (Env), therefore Env is a major target for HIV intervention ...
A review of HIV restriction factors and viral countering mechanisms
(Johns Hopkins University, 2014-05-05)
Human immune system is powerful and it has evolved over the past thousands of years to protect us from various foreign pathogens. In fact, very few pathogens can threaten a man with a competent immune system. The notorious ...
A Candidate Gene Study of the Association of TLR4 Polymorphisms rs4986790 and rs4986791 with HIV Disease Progression and Response to HAART Treatment in Men
(Johns Hopkins University, 2015-05-06)
Background. Host genetic factors have been shown to be associated with the diversity in the HIV/AIDS disease progression. In addition, lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are recognized by Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), and are ...
THE CHANGING HIV EPIDEMIC IN THE MODERN ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY ERA
(Johns Hopkins University, 2014-03-14)
During the early 21st century HIV underwent a transition from an invariably terminal illness to a manageable chronic condition. Much of this change is due to improvements in medication and management. Concurrently, treatment ...
Mobile Health (mHealth) Assessment of Illicit Drug Use Among Community Dwelling Drug Users in Baltimore, MD
(Johns Hopkins University, 2014-07-28)
Background: Substance abuse is a chronic disease often characterized by multiple attempts at abstinence, frequent relapse and is associated with a range of morbidities and mortality. This dissertation utilizes a mobile ...
Healthcare Utilization among Persons Living with HIV with Attention to the Influences of Hepatitis Co-Infection and Elite Control
(Johns Hopkins University, 2015-04-01)
HIV infection has evolved from a consistently fatal diagnosis into a chronic condition that requires lifelong medication and care. These do not come cheaply. In 2015, the United States government is expected to spend $17.5 ...