Browsing ETD--Doctoral Dissertations by Author "Navas-Acien, Ana"
Now showing items 1-14 of 14
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Arsenic and Chronic Kidney Disease in the Strong Heart Study
Zheng, Laura Y. (Johns Hopkins University, 2014-10-09)Arsenic is a worldwide public health problem that affects tens of millions of people. Arsenic has several well-known adverse health effects, but less is known about the role of arsenic in the development of chronic kidney ... -
ARSENIC, TARGETED METABOLOMICS AND DIABETES-RELATED OUTCOMES: CONNECTING THE DOTS IN THE STRONG HEART STUDY
Spratlen, Miranda Jones; 0000-0002-4486-4658 (Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA, 2018-02-21)Diabetes, and related outcomes, is a global epidemic with an enormous cost both to the economy and in terms of lives lost. Exposure to inorganic arsenic, a ubiquitous naturally occurring environmental carcinogen, as well ... -
Assessment of the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and asthma outcomes in Peruvian children
Pollard, Suzanne Lee (Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA, 2015-10-26)Background: Prior evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in increased risk of asthma, markers of asthma control, and allergic disease. However, the results of these studies have been conflicted, and ... -
The associations of vitamin D and metal exposures with inflammation, autoimmunity, and blood pressure
Zamoiski, Rachel D. (Johns Hopkins University, 2014-07-10)1,25(OH)2D, the biologically active form of vitamin D, is not commonly measured, as it is tightly regulated and does not change with supplementation or sun exposure unlike 25(OH)D. Prior studies suggest that exposure to ... -
Causal Inference Methods for Measurement Error and Mediation
Webb Vargas, Yenny Gabriela (Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA, 2015-06-22)Causal inference provides a principled way to investigate causal effects in public health, neuroscience and other areas. This thesis addresses two topics in causal inference: (i) the estimation of causal effects using ... -
Emerging Non-Hereditary Risk Factors for Stroke
Mateen, Farrah Jasmine (Johns Hopkins University, 2014-04-04)Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally. The vast majority of all strokes occur in low- and middle-income countries, where data are least available to guide clinical decision-making and health policy. ... -
Exposure to ambient air pollution as a potential explanation of ethnic disparities in atherosclerosis severity and progression
Jones, Miranda Renee (Johns Hopkins University, 2013-09-12)Disparities in atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular outcomes by race/ethnicity persist in the United States even after accounting for clinical risk factors. Exposure to ambient air pollution, which is associated with ... -
Low-grade inflammation, immune capacity, and cancer
Davidovics, Sarah A. (Johns Hopkins University, 2014-10-24)Inflammation is a well-established etiological factor in carcinogenesis. The immune system may also have the capacity to identify and clear malignant cells in a process known as tumor immunosurveillance. The objective of ... -
Parental Exposure to Occupational Asthmagens and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Singer, Alison (Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA, 2015-04-10)Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a diverse neurodevelopment disorder manifested by repetitive or stereotypic behaviors, and interaction and communication impairments. The etiology is not well understood, but ... -
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon internal dose, oxidative stress, inflammation and asthma exacerbation in asthmatic adults and children in Baltimore City
Peters, Kamau O. (Johns Hopkins University, 2014-07-23)Background: Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory respiratory disease that disproportionately affects children and African Americans residing in urban, low socioeconomic status communities. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ... -
Spatial and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in relation to high-density livestock production in Pennsylvania
Casey, Joan A. (Johns Hopkins University, 2014-03-18)Background: Epidemiologic studies of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in the U.S. have been limited by a focus on the healthcare setting or by the evaluation of specific populations such as ... -
The Epidemiology of Nontraditional Biomarkers of Hyperglycemia and their Prognostic Value
Parrinello, Christina (Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA, 2015-07-06)This dissertation focuses on the utility of nontraditional biomarkers of hyperglycemia (fructosamine, glycated albumin, and 1,5-anhydroglucitol [1,5-AG]) for research and clinical purposes. We have undertaken several studies ... -
THE INFLUENCE OF IN UTERO MATERNAL AND CHILD FACTORS ON TELOMERE LENGTH AND POSSIBLE DIFFERENCES BY RACE: CLUES TO THE RACIAL DISPARITY IN PROSTATE CANCER
Weber, Kari; 0000-0001-5138-7389 (Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA, 2016-03-28)There is a pronounced racial disparity in prostate cancer risk and mortality. Modifiable factors in adulthood that explain the disparity have not been identified. Whether racial differences in utero may account for this ... -
THE ROLE OF ARSENIC METABOLISM IN MORTALITY, DIABETES, AND KIDNEY DISEASE
Kuo, Chin-chi (Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA, 2014-07-17)Abstract Experimental and epidemiological evidence supports the role of chronic arsenic exposure in a broad scope of adverse health effects at a wide range of exposure levels. However, little is known regarding arsenic ...